Hierarchy of Criminal Courts in India
As a country that upholds the rule of law, India has a well-structured legal system that ensures justice is served to all. In India, criminal cases are heard in criminal courts, which are divided into different Hierarchy based on the severity of the case. In this article, we will provide an overview of the Hierarchy of criminal courts in India and their functions.
1. Magistrate Courts Magistrate Courts are the lowest level of criminal courts in India. These courts have the jurisdiction to hear cases that are less severe and have less punishment. They are divided into two categories: Judicial Magistrate and Executive Magistrate. Judicial Magistrate courts are presided over by a magistrate appointed by the High Court, while Executive Magistrate courts are presided over by an officer appointed by the State Government. Magistrate courts deal with cases such as petty theft, assault, and traffic violations.
2. Sessions Courts Sessions Courts are the next level of criminal courts in India. They hear cases that are more severe and have higher punishment. Sessions Courts are presided over by a Sessions Judge who is appointed by the State Government. Sessions Courts deal with cases such as rape, murder, and other serious offenses.
3. High Courts High Courts are the highest court in each state and have the power of judicial review. High Courts have the jurisdiction to hear appeals from lower courts, as well as original jurisdiction in some cases. High Courts have the power to issue writs and orders to protect fundamental rights. High Courts have a Chief Justice and other judges who are appointed by the President of India.
4. Supreme Court The Supreme Court of India is the highest court in the country and is located in New Delhi. It has the power of judicial review and hears appeals from lower courts and High Courts. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in some cases, such as disputes between states or the Centre and the states. The Supreme Court has a Chief Justice and other judges who are appointed by the President of India.
Conclusion:
Conclusion The Hierarchy of criminal courts in India are designed to ensure that justice is served to all. Each court has its jurisdiction based on the severity of the case, and the punishment that can be imposed. The Magistrate Courts are the lowest level of courts, followed by the Sessions Courts, High Courts, and the Supreme Court. It is essential to have a basic understanding of these courts to navigate the legal system in India.
In conclusion, the Hierarchy of criminal courts in India are vital to the legal system, and it is essential to understand the jurisdiction and functions of each court. It is also essential to seek the assistance of a legal professional when dealing with legal matters to ensure that your rights are protected.